All About the Herd: Africa's only cowlike mammal makes its home in a variety of habitats at altitudes up to 13,200 feet. Herds can be as large as 2,000 individuals, which are dominated by large males, when food is plentiful. When food is scare, African buffalo find it advantageous to split up into smaller groups. Members mutually groom each other and make noises to communicate.
Massive Males: Large males can weigh over 1,500 pounds and are usually twice the size of females. Males also carry a larger set of horns on top of their head, and have a thicker neck and a shoulder hump. A small fringe of hairs called a dewlap hangs from the throat. Both sexes are dark brown with hair-fringed ears, a hairless muzzle and a long tail
No Clear Distinction: Toads and frogs are amphibians, meaning these animals are capable of living on land and in water. No clear distinction exists between toads and frogs, although the skin of a toad tends to be rougher and drier than frogs. Toads also tend to be covered with warts.
Protruding Parts: Both critters are characterized by their short, ridged body and wide head. Large protruding eyes and a noticeable eardrum on each side of the head are always on the alert for the next meal. A large mouth houses a long sticky tongue, which quickly flicks out to capture live prey. Without teeth and unable to chew, its meals are swallowed whole.
Few Defenses: Toads and frogs are very vulnerable as they have no defenses against predators. Their best bet to escape being eaten is their ability to jump quickly or their talent for blending into their surroundings. Some species have evolved glands that secrete a poisonous and distasteful substance on their skin. These animals are usually brightly colored to give warning to a predator ready for a meal.
